《梵蒂冈图书馆藏明清中西文化交流史文献丛刊》简介

Introduction to the Sino-Western Cultural Communication Documents from Ming and Qing Dynasties Held in the Vatican Library (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana)

在欧洲收藏的大量汉籍中，明清中西文化交流史文献是较为重要的一个部分。其内容涵盖明末清初传教士介绍西方科学、宗教、文化、历史的著述，中国士大夫对天主教与西方科学接受、理解与反对的文献，传教士学习汉语与中国文化的资料，以及在传教过程中留下的书信、档案与对时事的记载等。对研究中西文化交流史、欧洲汉学史、明清史等，均有极其重要的史料价值和学术价值。

The historical documents of Sino-Western Cultural Communication are an important part of the huge number of Chinese documents held in Europe. They include 1) introductions to Western science, religion, culture and history, written by Western missionaries around late Ming and early Qing dynasties, 2) writings of Chinese scholars elaborating their accepting, understanding or objections against Catholicism and Western science, 3) learning material of the missionaries who tried to learn Chinese language and culture, as well as 4) letters, files and records of contemporary events. These documents are extremely valuable as historical and academic reference for the research in Sino-Western Cultural Communication, the history of Sinology and the history of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Europe.

梵蒂冈图书馆为欧洲收藏明清中西文化交流史文献的重镇之一。据统计，1922年前入藏该馆之汉籍，总计约1300余部（件）。其中天主教类文献刻本约500部，传教士以中、西文撰写或抄录的稿抄本约130部，有关传教士之书信、诏令imperial Edicts、奏疏memorials to the throne等中、西文单页文献约150件，西方科技类文献刻本约80部，稿抄本双语字典、词典约20部，手绘hand drawn与刻印engraved之舆图、星图约20件。其余尚有部分中国传统古籍、书法、绘画、拓片rubbings等，也多与传教士有关。该批文献进入梵蒂冈图书馆的历史，最早可追溯到明代末年，而其主要部分，则由柏应理Philippe Couplet、傅圣泽Jean Francois Foucquet、康和子Carolus Orazi de Castorano自中国带归之书籍，与意大利汉学家蒙突奇Antonio Montucci之旧藏组成。目前该批文献在梵蒂冈图书馆的收藏，是按照其来源和版本情况，分为八个部分。即：Barberini Orient(巴尔贝里尼东方收藏)、Borgia Cinese(波尔吉亚中国收藏)、Borgia Siamese(波尔吉亚暹罗手写本)、Rossiani Stampati（罗西亚尼刻印本）、Vaticano Estr.Oriente（梵蒂冈远东收藏）、Raccolte Prima（初次刻印本）、Palatio（巴拉丁收藏）、Raccolta Generale Oriente（东方一般收藏）。

The Vatican Library is one of the key sites holding Ming-Qing Sino-Western cultural communication documents in Europe. It is estimated that a total of more than 1300 items were collected before 1922, among which there are 500 block-printed items, 130 handwritten documents by missionaries in Chinese or Western languages, 150 single sheets of letters, imperial edicts, memorials to the throne in Chinese or Western languages, 80 block-printed Western science documents, 20 handwritten bilingual dictionaries and 20 hand-drawn and block-printed maps and star atlas. In addition, some ancient Chinese books, calligraphy, paintings and rubbings, which are relevant to the missionaries, can be found in the Vatican Library (VL), too. The earliest date when the documents started to be collected by the VL can be traced back to late Ming dynasty. The mainstay of the documents was carried back from China, by individuals like Philippe Couplet,Jean Francois Foucquet and Carolus Orazi de Castorano, etc., joining earlier collections by the Italian sinologist Antonio Montucci. At present, the material is divided into eight parts according to their origins and conditions: the Barberini Orient, Borgia Chinese, Borgia Siamese, Rossiani Stampati, Vaticano Estr. Oriente, Raccolte Prima, Palatio, and Raccolta Generale Oriente.

由于远在海外，梵蒂冈图书馆收藏的此批珍贵文献，长期以来难于为中国学者利用。2008年，张西平教授基于其此前长期在梵蒂冈图书馆查阅资料的学术积累，与任大援教授首先提出整理出版此批文献的构想，并得到国家清史编纂委员会、北京外国语大学、罗马大学孔子学院、梵蒂冈图书馆、大象出版社等多方面的支持。国家清史编纂委员会于当年批准了编译组于沛先生上报的“罗马梵蒂冈图书馆所藏明清中西文化交流史文献收集与整理”项目，并由成崇德副主任为代表，赴罗马与梵蒂冈图书馆签订协议，宣告项目正式启动。在此后的六年时间内，以任大援教授为首的工作团队多次前往罗马，完成了数十万页的资料拍摄工作。在此基础上，又邀请著名历史学家戴逸先生担任学术顾问，由国内科技史专家汪前进、石云里、张柏春教授，宗教史专家卓新平教授，梵蒂冈图书馆东亚部负责人余东博士等组成编委会，对其进行遴选、编排、撰写提要，力争达到收录全面、版本精良、编排完善、提要学术性强的目的，使本丛刊成为海外汉籍回归及中西文化交流史文献整理方面的典范之作。

As the collections are held far away in the Vatican Library, they can hardly be used by Chinese scholars back home. In 2008, Professor Zhang Xiping, based on his long term experience in researching the material in the Vatican Library, proposed together with Professor Ren Dayuan, to sort out and publish the collections in China. Their proposal won support from the History of Qing Dynasty Editorial Commission (of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of China, shortened to HQDEC), Beijing Foreign Studies University, the Confucius School at University of Rome, the Vatican Library as well as the Elephant Press of Henan Province, China. The History of Qing Dynasty Editorial Commission approved the project application by an editorial member, Mr. Yupei, entitled “Collecting and Sorting out the Ming-Qing Sino-Western Cultural Communication Documents held in the Vatican Library”. A delegation headed by the deputy dean of the HQDEC, Cheng Chongde, went to Rome and signed a contract with the Vatican Library, officially launching the project. Within six years, Professor Ren Dayuan and his team went to Rome many times to take photos of the material. The project invited Mr. Daiyi, a renown historian, as its academic advisor. The editorial board consists of history of science experts professors Wang Qianjin, Shi Yunli, Zhang Paichun, religion historian professor Zhuo Xinping, Dr. Yu Dong, head of the Asian department of the Vatican Library. They selected and arranged the material, wrote introductions, aiming at a comprehensive collection of good quality, good editorial work and strong academic guiding potential, making the series the model example for the return of overseas Chinese documents and the research in the historical documents regarding Sino-Western cultural communication.

在各方的共同努力下，《梵蒂冈图书馆藏明清中西文化交流史文献丛刊》第一辑，于2014年由大象出版社出版，共收录170部天主教类文献。《丛刊》出版后，于2015年1月22日，在意大利罗马卡萨纳特图书馆（Biblioteca Casanatense）召开新书座谈会。意大利教育、大学科研部副司长朱瑟佩· 马鲁奇（Giuseppe Marucci），中国驻意大利使馆教育参赞张林逸，梵蒂冈图书馆馆长帕西尼（Mons. Cesare Pasini）、副馆长裴佐宁（Ambrogio M. Piazzoni），罗马国家图书馆副馆长Marina Battaglini，博洛尼亚大学校长Ivano Dionigi教授等出席。4月28日，在北京外国语大学召开新书发布会，梵蒂冈图书馆馆长布鲁盖（Jean-Louis Bruguès）、副馆长裴佐宁、东亚部主任余东，罗马大学孔子学院保罗，北京外国语大学副校长孙有中，国家清史纂修领导小组办公室主任卜键，大象出版社主编董中山等出席会议，著名历史学家李学勤先生特致贺信。《丛刊》的出版，得到了海内外学者、研究机构及媒体的关注，新华网、中国社会科学网、中华读书报等，均作了相关报道，梵蒂冈官方报纸《罗马观察家报》以整版篇幅作了介绍。这套丛书的出版，是中国学术界与梵蒂冈图书馆的一次成功合作，促进了中国和梵蒂冈之间的文化交流。

Thanks to concerted efforts of all parties involved in the project, the first series of The Sino-Western Cultural Communication Documents from Ming and Qing Dynasties Held in the Vatican Library came out in 2014, by the Elephant Press, with 170 documents regarding Catholicism. Soon after the launching of the series, on January 22, 2015, a symposium was held at Biblioteca Casanatense, Italy. Participants included Giuseppe Marucci, the deputy minister of the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research; Zhang Linyi, the counselor of education at Chinese Embassy in Italy; the Curator of the Vatican Library Mons. Cesare Pasini, and the deputy Curator Ambrogio M. Piazzoni; Deputy Curator of the National Library at Rome Marina Battaglini; and President of the University of Bologna, Professor Ivano Dionigi. On April 28, the series was launched in Beijing Foreign Studies University. The Curator and deputy Curator of the Vatican Library, Mon. Jean-Louis Bruguès and Mon. Ambrogio M. Piazzoni, Mr. Yu Dong, head of the Asian section of the VL, Paul from the Confucius School at the University of Rome, and Prof. Sun Youzhong, the deputy president of BFSU, Mr. Piao Jian, the head of the HQDEC, Mr. Dong Zhongshan, Chief editor of the Elephant Press, participated in the event. The renown historian Li Xueqin sent in congratulations. The publication of the series had caught the attention of scholars at home and abroad as well as research institutes and the media. The Xinhua New agency, China Social Science Net and the Chinese Reading Weekly have all reported the event. The official Vatican newspaper Osservatore Romano reported the event with a full page. The publication of the documents is a successful cooperation between Chinese academic circle and the Vatican Library, which has enhanced the cultural communication between China and the Vatican.

目前，本《丛刊》编委会正在与各方通力合作，推进下一步的编纂工作。预计本《丛刊》第二辑（西方科技与星图舆图）将于本年底出版，其余汉外词典、稿本抄本、中国传统古籍等部分，也将于近年陆续出版。

The editorial board of the series are working diligently in cooperation with relevant parties to push forward the editorial work. The second collection of the series, Western Science and Star Atlas and Maps are expected to come out by the end of this year. Other collections such as Chinese-foreign language dictionaries, manuscripts, hand-copied books and traditional Chinese classics will be published in the coming years, too.

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